What is TMD/TMJ and Treatment Options
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) refer to a group of problems that affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles that control jaw movement. The TMJ is the joint that connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. It is located in front of the ear and is responsible for the movement of the jaw, including opening and closing the mouth, chewing, and talking.
Symptoms of TMD can include pain or tenderness in the jaw, face, neck, and shoulders, difficulty opening or closing the mouth, a clicking or popping sound when moving the jaw, and headaches. TMD can also cause pain or difficulty when chewing or speaking.
The exact cause of TMD is not always clear, but it may be due to a variety of factors including injury to the jaw, problems with the teeth or jaw alignment, stress, or habits such as teeth grinding (bruxism).
Treatment for TMD may include a combination of self-care measures, medications, and therapeutic exercises. Some self-care measures that may help alleviate TMD symptoms include:
Avoiding hard, chewy, or sticky foods
Using moist heat or ice packs on the jaw to reduce pain and swelling
Practicing relaxation techniques to reduce stress
Avoiding activities that put strain on the jaw, such as yelling or singing loudly
Medications that may be used to treat TMD include over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, and muscle relaxants. In more severe cases, prescription pain medication or injections may be necessary.
Therapeutic exercises can help improve the range of motion in the jaw and strengthen the muscles that control jaw movement. These exercises may be prescribed by a physical therapist or other healthcare provider.
In some cases, a dental splint or mouthguard may be recommended to help prevent teeth grinding and reduce strain on the jaw. Surgery is generally only considered as a last resort in severe cases of TMD that do not respond to other treatments.
If you are experiencing symptoms of TMD, it is important to call us for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early treatment can help prevent the condition from worsening and improve your quality of life.